Brief/ A Critical Juncture: EU’s Venezuela Policy Following the War in Ukraine by Anna Ayuso, Tiziano Breda, Elsa Lilja Gunnarsdottir and Marianne Riddervold

EU’s goal in Venezuela has been to promote a negotiated democratic transition, but it has been unable to foster it. The change of the US Venezuela policy under Biden, the shift towards the left in most new Latin American governments, and EU’s need to diversify its energy supplies after Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, have provided an opening for a more pragmatic engagement with Caracas.

This JOINT Policy Brief by Anna Ayuso (Barcelona Centre for International Affairs – CIDOB), Tiziano Breda (International Affairs Institute – IAI), Elsa Lilja Gunnarsdottir and Marianne Riddervold (Norwegian Institute of International Affairs – NUPI) analyses how the war on Ukraine has changed EU policies from pressure to persuasion.